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Multiple factors both intrinsic and extrinsic, influence the process and the nature and properties of the PEO coatings produced therein. The compositions of substrate materials and electrolyte are considered to be intrinsic factors which play a crucial role for the structure and composition of the coatings, while the extrinsic factors generally consist of electrical parameters, bath temperature, and processing time.

Plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) is also known as micro arc oxidation (MAO), electrolytic plasma oxidation (EPO), micro plasma oxidation (MPO), micro arc discharge oxidation (MDO), anodic spark deposition (ASD) or spark anodization (SA). This technique has emerged as one of the most effective, a rather inexpensive and environmentally benign process to fabricate well-adherent ceramic oxide layers on valve metals.