The outstanding properties of titanium and titanium alloys make them an ideal manufacturing material for the production of components for aerospace...

Plating on titanium has long been considered extremely difficult. For successful plating on titanium, the chosen process must ensure ...

Coatings comprising carbon nanotubes (CNT) are super black, that is, characterized by uniformly low reflectance over a broad range of wavelengths f...

Plasma electrolytic oxidation also known as micro arc oxidation (MAO) or spark anodization is a relatively new surface modification technique. The ...

Electroless Ni-P coating with subsequent oxidization is a well-established technique for ultra-high absorptance black finish [1–4], although the ...

Nickel and cobalt are silver-white elements. Nickel has been widely used in coins, manufacturing of certain alloys that retain a high silvery polis...

Chromium is a steely-gray, lustrous, hard metal that takes a high polish and has a high melting point. While chromium metal and Cr(III) ions are no...

Anodic oxide coatings are formed on the metallic job by an electrochemical process known as anodizing. The process is carried out in an electrolyti...

Chemical conversion coatings are one of the most common surface modification techniques that provide a barrier between metal and its surrounding en...